As the main component of a bicycle, the main function of the frame is to withstand the impact load when the bicycle is in motion. Depending on the material and design process of the bicycle frame, there are also differences in comfort, safety, and other aspects, and the user experience for the driver is also different. Improving the strength and stiffness of a bicycle frame is the key to enhancing its stability and comfort, while improving the corrosion resistance of the frame is the main way to extend its service life.

Bicycle frame materials are mainly made of aluminum alloy, carbon fiber, magnesium alloy, and titanium, with significant differences in Young's elastic modulus and density among different materials. Taking aluminum alloy as an example, its Young's modulus of elasticity is 70-79GPa, and its density is generally between 2.5-3. Og/cm3. Among the four materials mentioned above, carbon fiber has the highest Young's modulus of elasticity, while titanium alloy has the highest density value. The Young's modulus of elasticity is the main factor determining the fatigue failure resistance of the frame, and the smaller the value, the higher the fatigue failure resistance of the frame. Density is the main factor determining the weight of the frame, and the lower the density, the smaller the weight. Comparing the four materials mentioned above, aluminum alloy has greater advantages in the production of bicycle frames.